Madagascar’s R&D Expenditure (% of GDP)
#59 of 105 in the R&D Expenditure progress rankings
Gross domestic expenditure on Research & Development as a percentage of GDP. Includes current and capital spending from business, government, higher education, and private non-profit sectors.
Latest (2017)
0.01 %
Year-over-year
0.00 %
Change since start (1997→2017)
-0.17 %
Key insights
- From 1997 to 2017, R&D Expenditure (% of GDP) changed by -0.17 %.
- Most recent year-over-year change (2016→2017): +0.00 %.
- Lowest level: 0.01 % in 2014.
- Highest level: 0.29 % in 2003.
R&D Expenditure Chart (1997–2017)
*Average based on available data from 193 UN member countries
R&D Expenditure Table (1997–2017)
| Year | R&D Expenditure (% of GDP) |
|---|---|
| 1997 | 0.18 % |
| 1998 | 0.09 % |
| 1999 | 0.08 % |
| 2000 | 0.10 % |
| 2001 | 0.18 % |
| 2002 | 0.20 % |
| 2003 | 0.29 % |
| 2004 | 0.19 % |
| 2005 | 0.15 % |
| 2006 | 0.14 % |
| 2007 | 0.12 % |
| 2008 | 0.12 % |
| 2009 | 0.13 % |
| 2010 | 0.10 % |
| 2011 | 0.09 % |
| 2014 | 0.01 % |
| 2016 | 0.01 % |
| 2017 | 0.01 % |
Source: World Bank
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