Zambia’s R&D Expenditure (% of GDP)
Gross domestic expenditure on Research & Development as a percentage of GDP. Includes current and capital spending from business, government, higher education, and private non-profit sectors.
Latest (2008)
0.28 %
Year-over-year
+0.26 %
Change since start (1996→2008)
+0.27 %
Key insights
- From 1996 to 2008, R&D Expenditure (% of GDP) changed by +0.27 %.
- Most recent year-over-year change (2005→2008): +0.26 %.
- Lowest level: 0.01 % in 1996.
- Highest level: 0.28 % in 2008.
R&D Expenditure Chart (1996–2008)
*Average based on available data from 193 UN member countries
R&D Expenditure Table (1996–2008)
| Year | R&D Expenditure (% of GDP) |
|---|---|
| 1996 | 0.01 % |
| 1997 | 0.01 % |
| 2002 | 0.01 % |
| 2003 | 0.01 % |
| 2004 | 0.02 % |
| 2005 | 0.02 % |
| 2008 | 0.28 % |
Source: World Bank